How to Climb The Money Ladder
By Scott Chan
For many investors, especially retired ones, capital preservation and steady income generation are important goals.
In the fixed-income asset category, certificates of deposits (CDs) are considered among the safest investments. Although they don't offer high yields, they're insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
The FDIC insures up to $250,000 per depositor, per FDIC-insured bank, per ownership category. The downside to purchasing CDs is that you lock up your money until the expiration of the CD. If you withdraw early, you will have to pay a penalty. So before buying a CD you should think about how much money you may need in the foreseeable future.
One way to take advantage of the safety of CDs while still staying flexible is to use a strategy called laddering.
Stay Flexible
Laddering means that instead of putting a big chunk of cash into a single CD, you divide the money into smaller parts and buy multiple CDs with different maturity dates.
Let's say it's August and you have $9,000 in idle cash that you don't want to risk in the stock or bond markets, so you are thinking about buying a CD.
You are thinking of buying a six-month CD that matures in January, but you think there's a chance you may need some extra cash in the next few months.
Instead of locking up the entire $9,000 for half a year, you could divide that $9,000 into three $3,000 increments and buy three different CDs. You could buy CDs expiring in September, November, and January.
The first CD will mature in two months in September, freeing up $3,000. If you want to, you could reinvest the money into another CD with March expiration. When the second CD matures in November, you could also reinvest that money into a May CD.
Rinse and repeat for as long as you want and you will always have $3,000 available in no more than two months and all $9,000 will be available in no more than six months.
(Note that to keep things simple, in the example I ignored the CD interest. If you prefer you could reinvest the interest as well and compound your return.)
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